Nikola Tesla Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nikola Tesla - Research Paper Example history. I will likewise concentrate on the subject of why numerous individuals would state Tesla was an insane lab rat later in his life. Nikola Tesla: Biography in a word Nikola Tesla was brought into the world 10 July 1856 out of a Serbian family. The spot of his introduction to the world was the town of Smiljan arranged close Gospic †a town in Croatia that was a piece of Austria-Hungary around then. Tesla’s father was known to be a pastor, and his mom is depicted as â€Å"exceptionally brilliant and a designer of family unit and homestead implements† in spite of being uneducated (Klooster 302). Tesla may have his skill for productive developing from his cunning mother. Tesla, who is accepted to be America’s most unmistakable electric specialist, examined building at the celebrated University of Graz (Austria) (Spencer 301). He is thought to have begun his designing profession there. In 1882, Tesla came to Paris and was recruited by Continental Edison Com pany. After two years Tesla moved to the U.S. what's more, got his citizenship in 1891 at 35 years old (Klooster 302). Picture 1. Nikola Tesla at 37 years old. Photograph taken in 1893. Creator: Sarony of New York It was in 1882 that Tesla considered the renowned acceptance engine that has a pivoting attractive field. From that time on, Tesla developed different gadgets that use the pivoting attractive field. In 1888, Tesla got licenses for his creations. Here it merits referencing that the remarkable specialist and physicist had the option to totally envision his next creation before he began chipping away at it. With everything taken into account, Tesla is accepted to have protected more than 700 creations during his lifetime (World of Invention, â€Å"Nikola Tesla†). Tesla’s Theoretical Work and Patents Tesla's various licenses and his weighty hypothetical work are accepted to have made the premise of present day AC frameworks, which incorporates the polyphase force circulation frameworks, just as the AC engine. Let us investigate Tesla’s commitment to current electrical designing in detail. It was not until Tesla could build up his own organization named Tesla Electric Company (1887) that the remarkable designer had the option to make what he really needed. In particular, working for Tesla Electric Company he created the primary fruitful polyphase engine (Notable Scientists from 1900 to the Present,â€Å"Nikola Tesla†). Tesla accomplished this by making an engine that had a couple of wire-taped squares encompassing the rotor. Right now exchanging current is being provided to the joined wires, a turning attractive field is created, furthermore current to each shut was somewhat out of stage with the rest. The rotor’s development is accomplished as the spinning field is being followed (Klooster 305). For all intents and purposes, the essentialness of Tesla’s development was that it empowered transmitting solid electri cal flows over significant distances. Hypothetically, Tesla’s work subverted the perspective on Edison that there was no functional profit by exchanging current. It demonstrated to desert the innovation by Edison †direct flow †that was limited by neighborhood use and required heaps of electrical transfer stations so as to have the flow circulated all through an enormous zone, a city for instance (Notable Scientists from 1900 to the Present,â€Å"Nikola Tesla†). Purportedly, not some time before his demise Edison confessed to committing the greatest error in the course of his life

Rhetorical and Visual Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Expository and Visual Analysis - Essay Example This idea has been trailed by about all circles regardless of significance of female models to the items or administrations being offered or sold. As a result, one may observer the nearness of females in notices of vehicles or depends on normal premise; the requirement for which can't be clarified legitimately. The pattern turns out to be progressively injurious for the female sex, when their sexuality is misused to draw in the male watchers to persuade them into purchasing an item or administration. This training truly transforms the living female models into objects which are then seen as proportionate to consumables or disposables, along these lines making issues for the females, in actuality (Ross and Byerly 51). This notice uses poignancy as its focal component to abuse feelings of its watchers to advance an item. Investigating the above notice, one can obviously get the possibility that Burger King is selling its new greater burger in the market now. The cost is composed on the lower side and the logo on upper right part of the notice. Evidently, this is a basic method of advancing an item that is new in the market. In any case, the depiction of a lady with a demeanor of amazement all over, her lips secured with a profound shade of lipstick and face covered under layers of cosmetics with her look fixed at the article that is available on the correct side of the notice directly in the front of her face brings up issues in regards to the shrouded message that this ad conveys to the watchers. What is the item at which this model is gazing? Is it only a seven inch long, thick, trickling with white smooth mayonnaise burger before her face; that has made her surprised to the degree of jutting her eyes out of their attachments? The response to every one of these inquiries is given in the line that underlines the pictorial

Success and Failure in Arthur Millers Death of A Salesman Essay

Achievement and Failure in Arthur Miller's Death of A Salesman   â â Most individuals take a stab at greatness in their lives and seek to prevail at whatever they complete. Achievement implies a wide range of things to various individuals. It incorporates bliss, cash, and a vocation. In Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, we follow Willy Loman, the hero, as he surveys an existence of frantic quest for a fantasy of achievement. Mill operator utilizes numerous characters to differentiate the contrast among progress and disappointment inside the play. Willy is a sales rep whose creative mind is a lot more noteworthy than his business capacity; he is additionally a disappointment as a dad and spouse. Biff and Happy are his two grown-up children, who follow in their dad's false notion of life, while Ben and his dad are the main individuals from the Loman family with that unique something expected to succeed. Charlie and his child Bernard, appreciate better achievement in life contrasted with the Loman's who endeavor to succeed however continuall y appear to come up short. Willy Loman is the principle character and hero in Death of A Salesman. For Willy Loman, persistence and constancy are not significant but instead material achievement, just as close to home allure. Willy can't see who he and his children are. He accepts they are incredible men who have the stuff to be fruitful and beat the business world. Shockingly, he is mixed up. In actuality, Willy and children are not, and can't, be fruitful. Willy was not effective at anything he did throughout everyday life. He was a disappointment as a dad, spouse and specialist. Willy was not a decent dad since he concentrated a lot on his profession and his bogus dreams and overlooked his family. Since he was in every case away on excursions for work he never truly became more acquainted with his children well. His adoration for his ... ..., wrong. (Miller 138) The Loman's are each of the a case of what life resembles on the off chance that you constantly live in a fantasy world and never train yourself for anything. Ben and his dad are the special cases in the Loman family. Charlie and his child Bernard were likewise ready to accomplish enormity and to make the framework work for them. At long last, the choice to make an effective life is, up to the person.  Works Cited and Consulted Eisinger, Chester E. Concentrate on Arthur Miller's 'Passing of a Salesman': The Wrong Dreams, in American Dreams, American Nightmares, (1970 rpt In clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1976 vol. 6:331 Hoeveler, D. J.â Achievement and Failure Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman: Modern Critical Interpretations.â Ed. Harold Blum.â Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 1988. 72-81. Mill operator, Arthur. Passing of a Salesman. New York: Penguin Books, 1976.

Springtime Quest Filing An Income Tax Essay free essay sample

Springtime Quest: Filing An Income Tax Essay, Research Paper The Springtime Quest: Filing an Income Tax Return Springtime is a time of metempsychosis of nature, the guarantee of radiator conditions, and an imprint that a close by cutoff time to enroll my pay income upgrade study is at manus. Indeed, once again I will swim through piles of administrative work, uncover the # 8220 ; of import records # 8221 ; record, and go through hours disentangling specialists slang that is worded in such a way, that anybody with a secondary school guidance could get it, at any rate that # 8217 ; s what they guarantee. Thus, with anxious vitality, I ascend to the point and try to smother the one-year interest and set out to settle the creature for another twelvemonth. My first stop on the interest is to the neighborhood library. The library is a dissemination focal point of income improvement signifiers. Upon turn uping the demonstration of signifiers, I am overpowered by the sheer figure of various signifiers. We will compose a custom article test on Springtime Quest Filing An Income Tax Essay or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page As I hold battled this contention previously, I realize that I should take at any rate one of each signifier or I will happen myself returning to the library to get the signifier that I should hold acquired on the principal trip. Paradise disallow that they come up short on the signifier that I need! When I have my paper stored riches in manus, I withdraw to complete the second leg of my excursion. At place, I dust off the file organizer and void the shortss that contain my of import individual records that will be expected to enroll the pay income improvement study. The reached out of import paper stock rundown comprises of clinical grosss, records of contribution paid, and litera lly some other kind of record that may or may non be a factor in the income upgrade documenting. Previously, I have lost receipts only to happen that the grosss were basic in completing the income improvement study. I currently own a wide four-cabinet file organizer for of import reports. My following end in the income improvement recording method is to set up cantonment at the lounge area even exhibit. My preparative advances incorporate a honed pencil, a few erasers, a reckoner, and a hardened mug of java. I spread the pile of administrative work out before me what's more, turn up the course book for enrolling an individual pay income improvement return. Presently comes the troublesome segment. Make I go long signifier or short signifier? There is just one way to occur out which technique to enroll, finish both kinds of signifiers. Long into the dim, I work over the specialists slang and referencing, that I am sure is proposed to bewilder the mean knowledge. After numerous long periods of focussed vitality, I complete what's more, think about the two techniques for documenting. The 1 that nets me the most return or causes the least total of misfortune is marked and stuck via the post office. I understand that salary income upgrade underpins numerous beneficial plans and I appreciate a significant number of the advantages that are financed by income improvements. In any case, I can # 8217 ; t help yet accept that the specialists, in their endeavor to cover all the points, built up an income upgrade documenting framework that is threatening furthermore, unwieldy. There must be a superior way. My answer for the activity is basic, after twelvemonth I am heading out to pay an expert income upgrade administration to fix my pay income improvement return.

Jury System - Free Essay Example

The American judicial system has always insisted on the jury system despite the changes taking place in the developed world. 90% of the jury trials take place in the United States and most European countries do not understand why the American public is fascinated by jury trials. Does the U.S. system carry the seeds of its own demise, as in other nations that once used juries widely and gradually replaced them with decisions by judges (Vago, 2008, p 48)? The answer to this question can be found by exploring the historical roots of jury trials and how the American legal system inherited this practice from their previous colonial master, England. History of the Jury System During the medieval times, 12 free and lawful men were usually summoned by each community to help the king in deciding the course of justice. For centuries these panels based their decisions on what they knew of local wrongdoing (McLynn, 1989, p 89). For centuries the standard moral code for the comm unity was decided by the decisions of the 12 panelists. As England was evolving into a democratic society, it became clear that the jurors decisions were being influenced by the neighborhood gossip. By the time the American legal system absorbed the British model, U.S. jurors were admonished to ignore anything they might know about the case and decide the facts solely on the evidence presented in court (Rawlings, 1999, p 55). In the British system, the jury trials were seen as potential buffers against any harsh decisions that may be handed down by the king. The jurors added some element of civility to the process, unlike in the past where the determination of guilty and the level of punishment to be handed down were solely decided by the king. Furthermore, the jury proved to be extremely resourceful especially during the bloody code when death penalties were handed to even the pettiest of crimes. The bloody code refers to a period in 17th century England where the death penalty was mandated in almost all manner of crimes in a bid to curb the rising crime levels. Some of the more absurd criminal offenses that warranted the death penalty included stealing horses or sheep, destroying turnpike roads, cutting down trees, unmarried mothers concealing a stillborn child, stealing from a rabbit warren etc. The driving force behind the implementation of such stiff penalties was the unsympathetic nature of the rich and affluent society in Britain. Since the rich made the laws, they enacted the laws that protected their interests. With time, the British juries softened the impact of this by acquitting defendants or finding them guilty of lesser crimes (McLynn, 1989, p 91). The Jury System in America Comparing the role of juries in America to their counterparts in Britain during this era, America viewed trial by jury as a buffer against oppressive prosecutions by their British colonial masters. The turning point proved to be in the 18th century when American publ isher John Peter Zenger was found not guilty by a New York jury on the charge of criticizing a governor appointed by the British king (Honorà ©, 1995, p 112). This created an early momentum for freedom of press such that by the time the country got its independence, the right to a fair trial (by jury) was an attribute expected by every citizen. When the Bill of Rights was adopted in 1791, it stated that in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury (Rawlings, 1999, p 58). The right to jury trials was also extended to civil cases. According to television journalist Fred Graham, America continues to be fascinated by jury trials because of the immense power that jurors yield when deciding the guilt or innocence of a citizen. Even though they are simple average citizens, jurors appear to stand above this sovereign nation and they determine if a state should punish or not punish its citizens. The jury system has it flaws and its no more perfect than the entire legal system or the democratic government. However, it gives the US citizens a feeling of representation in the judicial process and they can aim for when creating an even more perfect union which represents the diverse ethnic and economic backgrounds in America. The diversity of the American population later proved to be the Achilles heel of the jury system. The race issue in America elicits strong reactions, more so during the selection of jurors. Traditionally, both the prosecution and defense were granted equal weight in jury selection but some prosecutors overplayed their strikes, referred to as peremptory challenges, and removed African American jurists whom they believed were biased towards favoring defendants in criminal trials. The practice was curbed by the Supreme Court and the level of all-race representation in jury trials has increased. Even though the system is not yet perfect and there still exists some elements of rac ism and prejudice, a majority of the diverse ethnic groups and races are of the opinion that jury trials offer the best form of justice. Americas Preference for Jury Trials An interesting statistic is 29% of adult Americans have served on a jury and most of them believe their service turned them into better citizens (Honorà ©, 1995, p 118). In America trial by jury has moved from a right to representation for all guilty parties to an essential prerequisite in this free society. From the days of their forefathers, an average American understands that the main advantage of a jury trail is it safeguards all defendants from tyranny and excesses by the state. Even William Blackstone, a famous English commentator, went against the norms in his country and lamented that trial by jury is a palladium of our legal rights (Honorà ©, 1995, p 118). Even though trial by judges is a common practice in a majority of democracies across the globe (especially in former British colonies), Am erica has remained steadfast on jury trials and the assumption is the determination of guilt or innocence is too big of a task to be shouldered by experienced judges. Lawyers have always been viewed as a corruptible group of individuals but such viewpoints have never been extended to judges. However, they are human, just like lawyers, and some of them have been linked to bribery allegations involving criminal elements. Allegations of judicial corruption do exist in America and even though most lawyers wont admit it, some judges are also corrupt if one looks at the biases they may have towards specific prosecutors. This trend has been witnessed in judges who have assumed their new roles on the bench after a long and illustrious career as prosecutors. Such judged may inadvertently favor the prosecution, either implicitly or explicitly, and preside over a case in a manner which works against the defense. In countries which havent adopted jury trials, a judge can easily issue a rulin g which favors a particular side and the only checks or balances against such excesses originate from the same chambers he serves in. In contrast jury tampering is a bit more demanding and obtaining a biased ruling isnt as easy as Hollywood makes it. The task of jury tampering is further hampered by the nature of jury composition. Both the prosecutor and the defense are given equal opportunities (and strikes) to select their jurists. Furthermore, the composition of the jury is unknown until the time of the trial (Rawlings, 1999, p 62). Adding to this, jury service is usually a short-term engagement and this makes it even more difficult to establish a corrupt relationship with the jurors (Rawlings, 1999, p 62). Judges have vehemently resisted all allegations of being corruptible and the few that were caught in the act are simply isolated cases. There is some element of truth in this statement since very few judges fit into the criteria of accepting cash/gifts inorder to sway their ruling, unlike lawyers. However, the Achilles heel of judges is after a long tenure of service, they begin acting like government bureaucrats. They become so encrusted within the mindset of laws, rules and regulations that they are unable to distinguish law from justice (Vago, 2008, p 42). Referring to the constitution of democratically elected governments across the globe, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislature. The job of drafting laws rules and regulations is left to the legislature and its the role of the law enforcement officials to uphold these laws. The lawyers on the other hand are supposed to interpret the law and represent their respective clients (the defendant or the state) to the best of their abilities but within the confines of the law. Judges whove served for long periods of time are unable to distinguish between interpreting the law and ensuring that the defendant gets a just ruling. This folly is usually witnessed in authoritarian regim es where judges take it upon themselves to uphold the law and supersede the mandate of the police and even the prosecutor. Jury trails in America are criticized for being too long and the media circus which follows is an unwanted attention that most foreign judges do not understand. The slow and mundane process of explaining the facts to the jury has the advantage of limiting a judges excesses and every ruling made must incorporate the decision of the jury. The problem of judges acting like government bureaucrats also exists in America but such excesses are also checked by the jury system. The advantage that a jury has is its composed of ordinary Americans and they have a layman understanding of the law; they may not understand the law to the same extent as lawyers or judges but their sole purpose is to ensure that justice was served. Jurors are more likely to ask the deeper and more profound questions when faced with whether to permit the government to punish the defendant (Hono rà ©, 1995, p 115). Is the defendant aware of his wrongdoings and if so, should the jury let him walk even though its evidently clear he committed the crime? Such are the questions which juries debate on and unlike judges; they are allowed to look at the shades of gray when interpreting the law. Judges on the other hand arent allowed to acquit a suspect after its clear that hes committed a crime; its not a judges job to debate on whether the crime committed by the accused was just. A judge will simply sentence the accused after proving guilt and determine the extent of punishment that should be handed down. As previously mentioned, juries have added some element of civility to the legal process and the best example is comparing todays jury system to the bloody code era in 17th century England. The bloody code was a group of laws which prescribed the death penalty to over 200 separate offenses. Such was the brutality of the system in those times that most prisoners usually exhibi ted the utmost indifference to their fate, and appeared to entertain no fear for the consequences of their guilt. Prisoners as young as 14 years were hanged by the neck until they died and thousands of people thronged public squares to see these executions. Historical records have indicated that the youngest prisoners ever executed in Britain were Michael Hammond and his sister Ann. They were aged 7 and 11 respectively. They were hanged on 28th September 1708 for theft. It can be argued that comparing the bloody code to todays jury system is a bit of overkill. However, the American jury system evolved from the British system which had to incorporate the role of the jury inorder to tone down the excesses of the bloody code. Therefore, even if all former British colonies (and other nations) arent adapting a jury system, its clear that their current legal procedures are a lot more civilized because of the actions of the 12 free and lawful men who gave birth to the jury system. An other aspect that shouldnt be forgotten is a jurys verdict is final; Courts around the world can overturn a judges ruling by issuing injunctions but the jurys verdict is considered sacred. That is, no matter how the jury rules, there is nothing either the judge or the prosecutor can do to change or modify the verdict (Vago, 2008, p 47). The best example of this phenomenon was a case in Laredo Texas in 1960 when a man was arrested for possessing marijuana with intent to distribute. When the defendant took to the stand, he tearfully confessed on how he needed the money to support his family which was going through financial difficulties. The federal judge and prosecutor were shocked when the jury returned a Not Guilty verdict. Unable to contain himself, the judge went on a rampage and screamed at the jurors, stating that they were the dumbest people to have ever served on a jury in his courtroom and advised them that their names would be permanently stricken from the federal jury roll s in Laredo (Rawlings, 1999, p 63). The defendant walked away from the court a free man. Who is to blame in this situation? The jury for not seeing a criminal for who he really is or the prosecutor for not being able to prove beyond reasonable doubt a rather obvious conviction? The only sure thing is the system is not at fault. Conclusion The right to a fair trail and the opportunity to plead for the courts mercy is right that every American knows he or she deserves. The defendant mentioned above got his day in court and pleaded his case, but a bit too excessively. While letting a guilty man walk might leave a foul taste in the mouths of many legal academicians, its a low price to pay when compared to denying an innocent man his day in court and sentencing him without hearing his side of the story. The bloody code proved how an ass the law can be when too much power is wielded by the state.

Divided Strategy Coursework - 3025 Words

Divided Strategy Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: Dividend strategy, theories and dividend policyBy NameCourseProfessorUniversityCity/StateDateINTRODUCTIONThe paper assesses the dividend strategy chosen by the Aberdeen asset management Plc which deals with asset management globally. The organization invests in equity financing, property, fixed income. The company trades in 26 countries and has 33 operating offices equipped with 2200 staff members. The board of director's, advocates for a dividend policy of 10% per share which will constitute a total dividend payment of 16% per share. However, the board still advocates a progressive dividend policy. The investment decision is viable at the present as it has been providing a real service to the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s customers in the long term.Question 1The use of equity financing is good as the company can use its cash as well as those of the investors in the initial stages of business and their initial cost rather than settling huge debts to banks, customers and stakeho lders. The company will be able to maintain its daily operations without trouble of settling debts. The use of the equity financing is a valid approach as the prospectus will be used to explain to investors about the state of their money. The prospectus advices the investors about the risk of their money in a brand new initial business where they will understand that in case the business fails they will not have their money back. Equity financing will be essential as the investors will offer advice to Aberdeen asset management which it would not have had in the past. (Arnold, 2005)Changes made to investing in equity financing, will have adverse implications on the company as it will not access any profits in the initial stages of business. Changes in the financing method will mean that the company will pay back all the debts of the investors and even require it to use its own cash to settle the investorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s debt. Debt financing will put the company in a deficit position, a nd lack of profit will make the investors lack their profits. Another impact of the changing the way of financing is that Aberdeen asset management Plc will be have to act at all times in the interest of the shareholders. It means that any breach of the contract will be a legal consequence. The company will enter into much paper work where it operates asset management to many investors. It will thus be prudent for a company to get some advice from the Securities and Exchange Commission to know the requirements on dividend strategy before entering into more trading operations with investors. (Rich, 2012) The change on the method of financing will be caused by the need to have more funds thus Aberdeen will seek to find new ways of getting funds such as debt financing. The company will need the investors who will give it the loans and thus incur debts thus it needs to pay in the future depending on the terms and conditions. The need for a higher profit margin will be another cause of a change in the financing method thus Aberdeen will be required to use debt financing to get more money for investing. (Emery et al, 2004)Dividend calculation using investment ratiosAberdeen will use the investment ratios which will be a guide to investors whether to have a stake with the organization or not. The equity shareholders will also use the investment ratios result to determine the viability of investing in the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s ordinary shares. The investment ratios will include; earning per share, dividend payout ratio, dividend cover ratio, dividend yield ratio and price earnings ratio. (Arnold, 2005)Earnings per shareThe earnings per share ratio will show the earnings per each ordinary share traded. In this case, the company being a public limited company limited by shares and trades its securities public presents in its annual report the basic and the diluted earnings per share. (Rich, 2012) It is through the requirement of 1AS 33 that any public company trading its securities publicly, to present in its financial statements the basic and the diluted earnings per share. The ratio is calculated byEarnings per share = net income after tax à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ preference dividend *100%Number of outstanding ordinary sharesIn the year 2013,Earnings per share =Basic = 27.16%Diluted = 276.22%Underlying earnings per share =Basic =33.71%Diluted = 32.48%The basic earnings per share in the Aberdeen Plc are 27.16% that has been calculated about the weighted average number of outstanding ordinary shares. However, the diluted earnings per share are determined by considering ordinary shares that are potentially dilutive such as any convertible negotiable instruments and whether they meet the required criteria. The impact of the results above is that the company has still lower performance when compared to other businesses basing on the same financial reporting period and differently financial periods for Aberdeen Company. Investors will not invest in the organization nor lend any money to it as they find no value or quality of the investment. (Coller, 2003)In the year 2012,The earnings per share recorded wereBasic = 18.88%Diluted = 17.55%Underlying earnings per shareBasic = 24.45%Diluted = 22.62%The Earnings per share recorded a loss from the financial statements of Aberdeen asset Management Company. The loss depicts poor financial performance of the company. The impact of this is that the investors will not invest in the company as they will not find any value and quality of the investment. (Coller, 2003)In the year 2011, the earning per share recorded wereBasic = 15.01%Diluted = 14.06%Underlying earnings per shareBasic = 20.13%Diluted = 18.73%A similar case was detected in 2011 as the company recorded a lower financial performance with the loss made from the earning per share. The impact of this is that investors will not invest in Aberdeen Company as they will have little assurance of the value of the money they wish to trade in, and the inve stment is not viable. (Arnold, 2005)Another essential ratio is the dividend payout ratio. The ratio will show the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s dividend policy .it is calculatedDividend payout ratio = dividend per share * 100%Earnings per shareThe dividends per share for the years 2013 is 16%, 2012 is 11.5% and for 2011 is 9%.The earnings per share are 2013 is 27.16%, 2012 is 18.88% and 2011 is 15.01%.Calculating dividend payoutIn the year 2013, the dividend payout = 16/27.16*100%Answer = 58.91%In 2012, the dividend payout = 11.5/18.88*100%Answer = 60.91%In 2011, the dividend payout ratio = 9/15.01*100%Answer = 59.96%The implication of the dividend payout ratio in 2013 is that the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s policy is not consistent as it has a reduction from the year 2012 to 2013. Investors will want to see a consistent dividend payout ratio in order to invest in Aberdeen asset Management Company. The payout ratios are relatively safe for investors to invest, but a higher dividend payout will lure m ore investors to invest. (Simons, 2000)One will also use the dividend cover ratio to determine the viability of the investment by investors. The dividend cover ratio will be used to determine the number of times the basic dividend will be paid out from the profits of the company. (Simons, 2000)Calculating dividend cover ratioIt is calculated as, Dividends cover ratio = Earnings per shareDividends per shareIn 2013, the dividends cover ratio is = 27.16/16Answer = 1.69 timesIn 2012, the dividend cover ratio = 18.88/11.5Answer = 1.64timesIn 2011 the dividend cover ratio = 15.01/9Answer = 1.67timesThe results show that there is no consistency in the dividends cover as there is a decrease in 2012 of 0.03. Investors will be interested in the consistency of the payment of memberà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s dividends from the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s profits. The payment times for the dividends out of the profits is very low, and the implication is that the investors will not invest in the company as they are no t persuaded of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s ability to pay all debts with the current profit. (Pike Neale, 2003)The investors will also need to know the dividend return that they will get from investing in the ordinary shares of the company. The calculation of the dividend yield will thus be necessary to determine the possibility of investors investing in Aberdeen. (Pike Neale, (2003)Calculation of Dividend yield ratioThe dividend yield ratio is calculated asDividend yield ratio = dividend per share *100%Market price per shareIn 2013, the dividend yield will be 16/10*100%Answer = 160%In 2012, the dividend yield ratio = 11.5/10*100%Answer = 115%In 2011, the dividend yield ratio = 9/10*100%Answer = 90%The dividend yield ratios show a real return provided by the ordinary shares invested. The dividend return increases consistently from 2011 to 2013 by a great margin. The margin is of 25% between the year 2011 and 2012 and a margin of 45% in the year 2013 and 2012. The return is good to per suade more investors to invest their ordinary shares in Aberdeen asset Management Company. (Arnold, 2005)Another investment ratio to calculate the dividend is the use of price earnings ratio. The price earnings ratio will be used to determine the economic cost of trading the ordinary shares. It determines how cheap or costly it will be for an investor to trade in a share. (Arnold, 2005)Calculation of dividends price earnings ratioPrice earnings ratio = market value per shareEarnings per shareIn 2013, the price-earnings ratio = 10/27.16Answer = 0.37: 1In 2012, the price-earnings ratio = 10/18.88Answer = 0.52:1In 2011, the price earnings ratio = 10/ 15.01Answer = 0.67T...

Constitution Paper - 1210 Words

Constitution Paper HST/155 January 25, 2016 Andrew Cramer Constitution Paper After the Revolution, citizens of the United States were free of British rule, but found themselves in need of a government to keep peace and prosperity among the different states. The Articles of Confederation was finally put into place in 1777 that was intended to do just that. However, not all states agreed with the Articles of Confederation. At that time, each state counted for one vote regardless of size, which was fine for smaller states, but the larger ones felt that their votes should have more say in matters due to its larger population. Congress had little power to tax for much needed funds, nor to regulate foreign and interstate commerce.†¦show more content†¦Representatives were voted in while Senators were appointed by state legislatures (â€Å"The United States Constitution†, n. d.). Now, the legislators had a term of no longer than three out of every six years instead of no limit. America had experienced several years of economic struggles and political demonstrations like Shays Rebellion. As a result, American leaders called for a convention in May 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation. Several noted leaders in attendance included George Washington, Ben Franklin, and James Madison. The discussion involved creating a new form of government to address the previous problems incurred by the Articles. Writers completed the new document after many months of deliberation and named it the Constitution of the United States. The Constitution created a new government with three separate branches because the current system with only a legislative arrangement clearly did not work properly. This organization operated better than the previous arrangement under the Articles because the government was more structured and had more authority. The Constitution also granted more power to Congress and limited powers of the states. Congress was able to collect taxes and raise revenue, resolving one of the primary concerns of the previous government structure under the Articles. Congress also could prevent states from printing their own currency and levying customs. Additionally, Congress could also begin toShow MoreRelatedThe Constitution Paper780 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: THE CONSTITUTION The Constitution Magalys Morales University of Phoenix Business Law 145 April 09, 2008 The Constitution The Constitution is the basic and supreme law of the land. It defines the structure of the federal government and consists on 7 articles and 27 amendments. This document creates the federal government and three branches compose it. 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Starting off with congress, the diverse people in the world should be introduced in congress, like more African Americans, Asians, women, and people who are in the LGBTQ community and more because differentRead MoreWhy Did The Federalist Papers Influence The Ra tification Of The Constitution?2354 Words   |  10 PagesSection A: Identification and Evaluation of Sources This investigation will explore the question: To what extent did The Federalist Papers influence the ratification of the Constitution? The publications, arguments, and effects of this document will be the focus of the investigation to allow for an analysis of where and in what ways The Federalist was influential during the constitutional conventions from 1787 to 1789. The first source that will be evaluated in depth is Ron Chernow’s book â€Å"AlexanderRead MoreThe Federalists Papers On The Constitution1907 Words   |  8 PagesTX GOVT 2306 Feb. 1, 2015 Federalist No. 78 The Federalists Papers were written in the eighteenth century by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay in an effort to persuade New Yorkers to ratify the new U.S. Constitution. These papers are said to be the key that unlocks the true interpretation and meaning of the Unites Sates Constitution. One of the controversial topics relating to the Constitution that the Federalists Papers help to straighten out, is the practice of judicial review byRead MoreConstitutions Are More Than Fancy Looking Words On An Old Sheet Of Paper1477 Words   |  6 PagesConstitutions are more than fancy-looking words on an old sheet of paper; they are the foundation of all successful nations. 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Through the years, America’s governmental structure, with each branch of government maintaining their boundaries and providing aRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana And The Hemp1436 Words   |  6 Pagesquestions I will hope to answer within this paper. I will hopefully find enough supporting evidence to support the legalization of Marijuana and the hemp crop itself. The country‘s economy is really going through hard times right now, with our country in the most debt that it has ever seen. I firmly believe that the legalization will help facilitate the recovery with economic with growth in many different avenues. Some of these avenues will include growth in the paper industry, cloths industry, and the wayRead MoreThe Constitution Of Government And Selections From Aristotle s Politics1009 Words   |  5 PagesHamilton in Federalist Paper number 9. In The Federalist Papers, which Thomas Jefferson described as â€Å"the best commentary on the principles of government, which was ever written,† writers Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay sought to articulate and defend the integrity of the new Constitution, and to demonstrate the ways in which it fulfilled the requirements necessary to establish a Republican form of government. However, as seen in the opening quote, the new Constitution, while drawing from

Differential Association Essay - 3062 Words

Sutherland’s Differential Association nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Born August 13, 1883 in Gibbon, Nebraska, Edwin H. Sutherland grew up and studied in Ottawa, Kansas, and Grand Island, Nebraska. After receiving his B.A degree from Grand Island College in 1904, he taught Latin, Greek, History, and shorthand for two years at Sioux Falls College in South Dakota. In 1906 he left Sioux Falls College and entered graduate school at the University of Chicago from which he received his doctorate. (Gaylord, 1988:7-12) While attending the University of Chicago he changed his major from history to sociology. Much of his study was influenced by the Chicago approach to the study of crime that emphasized human behavior as determined by social and†¦show more content†¦(Sutherland, 1947) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sutherland argued that the concept of differential association and differential social organization could be applied to the individual level and to the group level respectively. While differential association theory explains why any individual gravitates toward criminal behavior, differential social organization explains why crime rates of different social entities differ from each others. In his fourth edition of Principles of Criminology he presented his final theory of differential association. His theory has 9 basic postulates: 1. Criminal behavior is learned as opposed to inherited through genetics. 2. Criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other persons in a process of communication. This communication is verbal in many cases but includes gestures. 3. The principal part of the learning of criminal behavior occurs within intimate personal groups. This suggests that television or newspapers are not important in committing criminal. 4. When criminal behavior is learned, the learning includes (a) techniques of committing the crime, which are sometimes very simple; (b) the specific direction of motives, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes. 5. The specific direction of the motives and drives isShow MoreRelatedEdwin Sutherland s Hypothesis Of Differential Association1237 Words   |  5 PagesEdwin Sutherland s hypothesis of Differential Association advanced from the Chicago School of human science, which watched that wrongdoing happened all the more as often as possible in territories lacking social association and organizations of social control. Wrongdoing was generally clarified by numerous variables –, for example, social class, age, race, and urban or rustic area. Sutherland built up his hypothesis of Differential Association keeping in mind the end goal to clarify how these elementsRead MoreThe Theory Of Differential Association Essay1501 Words   |  7 Pagescommit crime? How to we learn to commit crime? These questions can be answered using social learning theory. Social learning approach is the assumption that all human behavior is socially learned (Thompson, Bynum 2013 115). The theory of differential association was developed by Edwin Sutherland to try and explain the development of criminal behavior. Essentially what this theory says is that deviant group behavior results from normative conflict. Normative conflict arises when multiple probableRead MoreDifferential Association Theory1790 Words   |  8 PagesThe famous criminologist Edwin Sutherland developed Differential Association Theory in 1939. He felt that criminal behavior is behavior, learned, and is learned in face-to-face interactions with others. Differential association, which operates on the individual level, is where behavior is learned through interaction with others. Through this interaction an individual will learn the techniques and skills necessary to commit crime as well as the motives, rationalization, and attitudes necessary forRead MoreDefinition Of Differential Association Theory917 Words   |  4 PagesDifferential Association In Edwin Sutherland theory has been around for over 30 years which is one of the most popular theories that there is in criminal behaviors. The differential association theory is considered to be one of the most and best formulation of theory of criminality, holds, in essence, that criminality in learned interactions from others through a way of communication (Cressey, 1954). Sutherland he explains how individual behaviors are learned behaviors and that people are notRead MoreSutherlands Differential Association Theory1430 Words   |  6 PagesSutherland’s Differential Association Theory Ryan Herron Dr. Patrick Parnaby SOC 2070 9 November 2017  There are many theories used by Sociologists to explain deviance. One such theory is differential association theory, proposed by Edwin Sutherland. There are many strengths and weaknesses of differential association that will be laid out in this paper after differential association theory is fully explained. When discussed, it becomes apparent that differential association theory has manyRead MoreDifferential Association Theory Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will discuss three theories, the differential association theory, the labelling theory and the rationale choice theory. The theories will discussed and how they can explain crime will also be discussed, and then a comparison of the theories will be given in order to identify their strengths and weaknesses in explaining youth crime. Theories within criminology try to explain why and how crime occurs. This is done through examining various facts that are related to the individual s criminalRead MoreThe Association Betw een Differential Association Theory and Burglary1358 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper will provide an explanation into how differential association theory explains burglary. The Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) considers burglary a Type 1 Index Crime because of its potentially violent nature. The FBI breaks burglary down into three sub-classifications. This paper discusses the elements of the crime of burglary and what constitutes a structure or dwelling. It will discuss a brief history of the deviance, trends, rates, and how it correlates to the specific theory thatRead MoreThe Theory Of The Differential Association Theory2539 Words   |  11 PagesVarious criminological theories have been constructed attempting to determine factors that contribute to how individuals begin to engage in deviant behavior. The Differential Association Theory established in 1947 by Edwin Sutherland, an American Criminologist, evaluates how delinquent behavior is learned through social interactio n as well as learning from the legal definitions of laws and crimes. For example, an individual learning definitions that are favorable to breaking the law from peers orRead MoreDifferential Association Theory Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior of those individuals who participate in bullying. Differential Association Theory was introduced in 1939 by Edwin H. Sutherland and aimed at explaining how and why certain individuals commit deviant (criminal) acts. Additionally, Differential Association theory, believes that the behaviors of an individual are influenced and shaped by others they associate with. To support this assertion, I will provide a description of Differential Association Theory (DAT), why, and how it pertains to bullyingRead MoreDifferential Association Theory Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesThe Differential Association Theory, established by Edwin Sutherland in 1947, explicit the deviance of an individuals behavior and how it is learned through interaction with others or associations. There are several components that play a role in this theory that determines the main causes of delinquency. One of the components of this theory is, a person do not inherently become a criminal, it is a learned behavior. A person cannot decide one day he wants to commit a crime if he is not influence

Stereotypes/ the Glass Castle Essay - 803 Words

Final Draft Stereotypes/ The Glass Castle Stereotype plays a big part in today’s society. In the Memoir â€Å"The Glass Castle† by Jeannette Walls, others would easily misjudge Jeannette’s family just by their image and the way they lived their life. Although they lived the way they did the walls family had much potential and were very well educated in their own ways. People need to live by the quote â€Å"Never judge a book by its cover† because you never know who they are until you meet them. In todays society people tend to stereotype others in many ways. The media has created a misconception on humanity that has spread among society. News, Internet and other sources of information have created a negative view on certain people in the†¦show more content†¦The mother taught them that you should never judge someone by what you see or what you barely know. Everyone has something good about them, she said. You have to find the redeeming quality and love the pe rson for that. (144). This quote is an example of Jeannette’s mother telling them that no matter what you should never judge anyone no matter who they are. To look beyond what you see or have been told to see. You never really know who someone is until you actually take the time to get to know them. The walls family moved from place to place and at one point they stayed with their grandmother Erma. Their grandmother is a great example of some who stereotypes others. Erma had a real big problem with African Americans. For reasons not explained she just hated them. Jeannette did not agree with her grandmother on this part, she had always been brought up to love others no matter whom they were. The walls family grew up with a lot of knowledge book wise and streetwise. They more then you would think by just looking at them and the way they lived. No matter how bad off the walls family seemed to be they always seemed to be living good and happy how they were. In the end people who judge are probably being judged themselves. Nobody’s perfect, no matter who they are, everyone has something about them that makes them imperfect. â€Å"Also, most people in Welch had a pretty good idea how bad off the Walls family was, but the truthShow MoreRelatedCharles Perrault’s Cinderella1326 Words   |  6 Pagesequally in kindness and in virtues, hopefully achieving such beauty of character. This could reassure that someday, girls would be able to obtain a Prince strongly enough to marry her. As stated by Kuykendal, â€Å"Fractured fairy tales challenge gender stereotypes and patriarchal ideologies only at the story level of the text†. The stepsisters referred to her as ‘Cinderwench’ since she’s sporadically tasked with household chores such as scrubbing the floors, cleaning the bedrooms, and more. Many of theseRead MoreThe Song Ten Minutes Ago, Is From Rodgers And Hammerstein s Cinderella1749 Words   |  7 Pagesriches, and givi ng her a pair of glass slippers. Cinderella was able to go to the ball unrecognized, under the condition to be home by midnight, when the spell wore off. At the ball, she meets the prince and there is immediately chemistry, but she rushes to leave before the clock strikes twelve, in fear of the prince seeing her for who she really was and being disgusted by her true self. As she escapes the castle, she loses one of her glass shoes on the steps of the castle. Leaving it behind, she makesRead MoreShrek the Third and Princess Fiona1637 Words   |  7 Pages. Explain the looking glass theory and self-concept as they pertain to Shrek, Donkey, Princess Fiona, and Prince Farquar. Your answer needs to address the components of self. In your answer, include how self-concept affects the way that they communicate. Remember that communication includes cognitive, listening and speaking processes. According to the looking glass theory, we use others as a mirror to see ourselves and we imagine what others think of us then include these imaginings in our selfRead MoreEssay The Looking Glass Theory1623 Words   |  7 Pages . Explain the looking glass theory and self-concept as they pertain to Shrek, Donkey, Princess Fiona, and Prince Farquar. Your answer needs to address the components of self. In your answer, include how self-concept affects the way that they communicate. Remember that communication includes cognitive, listening and speaking processes. According to the looking glass theory, we use others as a mirror to see ourselves and we imagine what others think of us then include these imaginings in our selfRead MoreSexism, And Gender Inequality1938 Words   |  8 Pagesis sexism, and gender inequality? According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, sexism can be defined as prejudice or discrimination based on sex; especially discrimination against women; usually seen through behaviors, or attitudes that foster stereotypes of social roles based on sex. Gender inequality can be defined as unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles. These two terms are connected in the way thatRead MoreGuests Use Main Street Usa As A Transition Between Fantasy And Reality Essay1387 Words   |  6 PagesUSA as a transition between fantasy and reality. They relate the street to their hometown experience, and as they travel down the street, they believe more in the Disney interpretation and less in their own vision. Their journey ends at Cinderella’s castle, where the guests have officially entered the imagined world that Disney has created. The street reminds guests of simpler times in America. When guests first walk into the theme park, they have to travel through Main Street USA before going to anyRead MoreThe Presentation Of Conformity And Subversion Of Gothic Archetypes2573 Words   |  11 PagesDiscuss the presentation of conformity and subversion of gothic archetypes The gothic genre has been a prominent literary style throughout many eras, a popular example being ‘The Castle of Otranto’. I have studied three texts; Emile Bronte’s novel ‘Wuthering Heights’, published in December 1847, ‘The Selected Poems of John Keats’, published in 1817 and the later ‘The Bloody Chamber’ by Angela Carter, published in 1979. They all use gothic elements in different ways to create a variety of effectsRead MoreThe Great Depression And The Glass Steagall Act1683 Words   |  7 Pagesspun off by American Express in 1994, and the Long Term Capital Management collapse and Russian debt default of 1998.† (Investopedia) But the collapse of the housing market was one obstacle they could not overcome. During the Great Depression the Glass-Steagall Act was enacted in 1933. The legislation prevented commercial and investment banks from competing with each other and protected their balance sheets by having each sector focus on certain transactions. Highly liquid, asset-light portfoliosRead MoreComparing Grimm’s Fairytale Snow White to Snow White, by Denise Duhamel1586 Words   |  7 Pagesthe third attempt, the old hag is successful and upon biting in to a deliciously plump red apple sends Snow White tumbling to the ground. The seven dwarves decide Snow White is to captivating to be buried underground so they decided to encase her in glass and take turns guarding her remains. One day a handsome prince happens to come across the beautiful dead princess and begs the dwarves to let him purchase her. Reluctantly, the dwarves give the prince Snow White and a bump on the transport home causesRead MoreThe Disney Princess2822 Words   |  12 PagesPrincess Gender seems to be a hot topic in our society; many people feel the pressure to conform to a specific gender stereotype without really being aware of what they are or their influences on our perception. So what is a gender role? A gender role is the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness. A common gender stereotype in our culture has been that a woman’s place is as a homemaker, and caregiver, while men are expected to provide for their

The Hip Hop Culture By Andrew Marantz - 1526 Words

In todays hip hop culture, artists often times portray through the lyrical content of their music different fallacies about themselves in order to develop their image or construct a brand for themselves. Although we as listeners under most circumstances are well aware that the songs are just made for the enjoyment of fans, perhaps the artists are becoming remotely too consumed with their lyrics and are beginning to believe that they are the realist in hip hop when they have barely scratched the surface well enough to establish a well enough name for themselves. Andrew Marantz wrote an article on who’s really real in hip hop which definitely will make readers begin to question Australian female artist, Iggy Azalea and her reference to being the realist in hip hop. She is compared and contrasted with several other well-known and legendary artist such as Tupac and Pusha T. Iggy is known for her Barbie-ish appearance and her strategically placed beauty mark that makes listeners an d fans question whether or not she’s really real. Marantz uses various rhetorical strategies throughout the article in order to effectively construct his argument and he also references memorable moments in hip hop that recognized Tupac and other artists who are considered as icons in hip hop and who are legendary and in essence, â€Å"the realist.† Azalea begins her most popular song Fancy which topped the charts for quite sometime after it made its initial debut with â€Å"First things first I’m the realist.†

Ethical Organziation Commonwealth Bank

Question: Discuss about theEthical Organziation for Commonwealth Bank. Answer: Introduction Organizations have grown in size over the years which have increased complexity with respect to different processes in the organization. There has been increasing threat to various organizations as more and more scandals crop up. Commonwealth Bank is one such organization which has been marred by a series of scandals and therefore are aiming to build a strong ethical culture in the organization. Some aspects of building an ethical culture can be listed as follows: Leadership The first and primary step in being an ethical organization can be taken by the top management of the organization. The culture in any organization has to be determined by the leaders and the real test happens when there is any decision making situation in the organization. When the leaders go for an ethically right decision instead of just running behind profit then it makes a real difference even at the lower rungs of the organization (Gergen, 2015). Value Every ethical learning organization should have a core value statement which is aligned to the mission of the company. Value of a company defines the way a company works and the culture of the organization. Therefore values have to be charted out which will lead to the code of conduct for the business aligned to the mission of the company. Integrity It is the umbrella characteristic which should be adhered to at any cost while doing business. Commonwealth bank should try to work as per the rules and regulations of state, national and federal levels. Communication from the top to the employees of the organization should be open and transparent so that they have a clear idea about their goals and the ways of working (Jeanes, 2016). Respect Respect for ones work and the way it is done is synonymous to ethical behavior. There should be honor in whatever decision that is taken by the company. Employees always want to work for a loyal employer and build a long term relationship. An organization can expect commitment from its employees only when they are treated with respect and honor. Loyalty Strong relationships and meaningful interactions between the employer and employee are the stepping stone of building an ethical learning organization. Therefore commonwealth bank should strive to create an environment wherein their employees feel that their career growth is in safe hands and they can contribute their finest efforts for the betterment of the company. This kind loyalty forms the bedrock of an ethical learning organization. Reference Gergen, K. J. (2015). Global organization: From imperialism to ethical vision.Organization,2(3-4), 519532. doi:10.1177/135050849523013 Jeanes, E. (2016). Are we ethical? Approaches to ethics in management and organisation research.Organization,4(1), 452465. doi:10.1177/1350508416656930

Gazellein 2012 free essay sample

Gazelle is a leading online market to purchase and sell used electronic devices. However, its legal name is â€Å"Second Rotation† but customers see it as â€Å"gazelle† which was chosen for branding and operational purpose by Gannet, Aurelien McElhiney the co founders of Second rotation. How did gazelle attain sustainable competitive advantage? The secret of Gazelle for attaining the sustainable competitive advantage (a competitive advantage that is difficult for competitors to imitate) lies in wisely considering the business opportunities at the right time. The co founders observed different practices made by the people i. e. they did not try to recycle or sell their electronic devices. Rather they would just leave using the device, which was not of any interest to them. Nevertheless, responsible consumption, financial crisis of 2007-9, space requirements to keep useless items and new product introduction did persuade people to either sell the device or recycle it. Gazelle was developed by keeping these factors in view. Since no other platform was present at that time to provide the facility of buying and selling the used products other than eBay, which itself was not much effective. Therefore, Ganot and cofounders took the advantage of that opportunity and provided the platform for such transactions. Gazelle from its origin has been very competent in doing the business as it took over a large magnitude of large retailers and local customers. With an easy access to the customers, it became famous in no time with heavy web traffic on its website. It was due to the skills of the management that it had almost 900000 viewers of website in 2012. Competitive Advantages: Gazelle has competitive advantage over other competitors in following attributes: -Listing process used by Gazelle is splendid as it specifies every thing related to the product. -Shipping logistics: An addition of a box to pack the goods in and pre-paid shipping charges are also an advantage over other competitors. -Dealing with pre- and post sale customer inquiries efficiently -Re-pricing consideration: if the product does not come out to be matching with the specifications and conditions mentioned by the seller, it is wisely re priced by Gazelle. -Price Arbitrage: Gazelle certainly have significant advantage of information regarding sellers and buyers. Therefore, it can draw sufficient margins from buying and selling prices. Strengths: Gazelle certainly had the strengths as it had a competitive advantage. Strengths of Gazelle are listed below. Variety of products: Gazelle offered a variety of electronic devices to customers with 22 categories of it. Customer obsessed culture: Gazelle has been customer oriented since its start, as it has been providing several facilities to buyers and sellers including a box offered to the seller to pack the goods in. Company Image: Gazelle has been very popular even in the initial years, as it had been providing quality service to customers. This resulted in creating a good image about the company in customers’ minds. Quality items: Quality of the product was kept in consideration while selling it to different buyers, as buyers seemed to be quite reluctant in buying used goods because of the possible defects present in them. However, Gazelle assured quality. Market share: Gazelle has an advantage of bigger market share compared to its competitors. Recent figures show that views of gazelle. com are almost thrice as that of its biggest competitor. Weaknesses: Gazelle lacks weaknesses in many regards but according to some reviews by customers gazelle sometimes took extra time while dispatching the goods and also in delivery of checks. Gazelle also had a weak image outside US. Opportunities: Gazelle has following opportunities from its external environment, which can lead it to better growth. New product introduction: New products keep coming in the market and people after using a product for short time switch to a newer one. This provides Gazelle an opportunity to grow. Intermediation: Ganot is currently thinking to switch the gazelle as an intermediary between sellers and buyer’s . This would get larger profits with minimum liabilities for gazelle. Social trends: Social trends keep changing but world has now started thinking about the environment critically. They do not waste the product. They either sell it or recycle it. This is an opportunity for Gazelle to make growth. Threats: With all the opportunities, available Gazelle indeed is threatened by external environment. Its rivals including eBay and others are a constant source of threat. Major threats include threat of imitation and the bargaining powers of sellers and buyers. Porter’s five forces model explains it at best. Internal Analysis: VRIO and gazelle: VRIO stand for valuable, rare, inimitable and organized respectively. While analyzing a company it kept in view to discuss VRIO. Gazelle has been offering valuable, rare, inimitable and organized goods at the same time, which led it to acquire sustainable competitive advantage. (See appendices) Economies of scale and scope: A company reaches economies of scale when cost incurred for the products gets lesser as the quantity of the goods increases. Economies of scope are related to acquiring lower costs when offering or producing a couple of products together. Gazelle in this regard attained both while selling and buying a large number and variety of used products. (See appendices) Attaining economies of scale internally has caused a difficulty for new rivals to compete against Gazelle. Moreover, Gazelle has developed product efficiency too which is attained by keeping the cost lower in long run. External Analysis: Porter’s five forces model: Porter five forces model explains all those forces which affect the organization externally. (See appendices) ? Threat of new entrants: There is possible threat of competitive entrants apart from current competitors. ? Threat of substitute services: There is a minimum threat that a new service evolutes in this industry. ? Bargaining power of buyers: With the presence of other service providers in the market, buyers might want the used products at lower prices. ? Bargaining power of sellers: Sellers may also want to sell their products at a higher price. ? Current rivalry: Current competition may become hard as the competitors grow in various aspects. But currently the rivalry is moderate because gazelle has a competitive advantage over other rivals. PEST Analysis: PEST stands for political, economic, social and technological factors respectively. (See appendices) Political: There is less political influence on the working of Gazelle but there might be a threat of more legislations and taxes in future. Economic: It refers to the interest rates, inflation rates etc. the economic factors of the region have now become stabled after the financial crisis of 2007-9. A recession season again may cause changes in the profitability of gazelle. Social: Social trends are becoming favorable for Gazelle, people are trying to either recycle the used products or sell them. Technological: Technology is getting advanced day by day, which is good sign for gazelle as new products are formed and people switch to them selling their old products. Keys success factors for Gazelle: In my opinion key success factors for Gazelle are following: Easy access: It takes no time to access to Gazelle to sell or buy anything. Fast: Gazelle is very popular in customers for its fast transactions. Customer-oriented: Gazelle has been customer oriented from its origin. This had added up to its growth vitally. Quality Assurance: Gazelle has occupied the minds of customers as a brand, which assures quality used products. Synergy: Gazelle’s synergy with its online partners and large retailers has also made its contribution for the success of Gazelle. Appendices SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses ? High profitability ? Comparatively weak presence outside US ? Company image ? High variation in profitability ? Market share ? Variety of products ? Availability of resources ? Global brand ? Strong distribution network ? Customer loyalty and repeat purchases Opportunities Threat ? Co-branding with other brands ? Emergence of new competitors ? New technologies ? Tax increases ? Growing levels of globalization PEST ANALYSIS Political current legislation future legislation international legislation government policies home market pressure- groups international pressure- groups wars and conflicts Economical economy trends general taxation taxation specific to product/services specific industry factors distribution trends interest/ exchange rates Social lifestyle trends consumer attitudes and opinions media views brand, company, technology image consumer buying patterns major events and influences buying access and trends advertising and publicity Technological technology development associated/dependent technologies information and communications consumer buying mechanisms/technology technology legislation innovation potential technology access, licensing, patents Porter’s five forces Analysis Threat of new entrants -Minimum to moderate threat due to current competent competitors. Bargaining Power of Sellers -due to emergence of other competitors sellers power may augment Current Rivalry -Moderate to high -Fewer competitors Threat of substitute services -Evolution of new service is difficult Bargaining power of buyers depends upon the service quality of competitors VRIO Valuable Rare Inimitable Organized Competitive advantage Yes Yes Yes Yes Sustainable Economies of Scale (SRAC Shot run average cost)

Organizational Structures

Organizational structures have existed for a long time and it is not a new phenomenon in management. An organizational structure is the hierarchical organization of authority and duties of organizations and it comprises of activities like allocation of duties, supervision and coordination that is intended to make an organization realize its goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Structures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The structure of organizations can be in many forms considering the different goals and objectives to be achieved. It is through organizational structure that power, roles and organization’s way of operations and performance are determined. Organizational structures offer the platform on which the basic operating processes and events rest. It also decides on the specific personnel who may take part in the processes of decision-making and to the limit their ideas decides the actions of the organization. In an organization where there exists centralization, decision making capabilities are bestowed on the top managers and the departments are under strict control. Organizations should develop structures because they provide the specific guidelines for operation and brings members together. When an organization adopts the required organizational structure, the management process becomes more effective. The way an organization’s structure develops will depend on which organizational structure category it will fall. When referring to tall structures, we see the top most managers being the CEO and different management levels. As growth in the organization sets in, the management levels increase too but the slim span of control enables strict employee supervision. On the other hand, flat organizational structures are characterized by fewer management levels, quick decision making processes, faster communication and a wide span of control (Ellis, 2003). Southwest Gas Corporation is an American company that provides energy supplies. It buys transports and distributes natural gas. Southwest Gas Corporation has transformed a great deal, from the usage of traditional structures to contemporary designs and this has seen it adopt a flat organizational structure. This organization focuses mainly on customer satisfaction considering the fact that its employees work with freedom.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The department in this company comprises of accounting and finance, human resource, marketing and distribution departmrnts.The departmental heads are the team leaders who are responsible for coordinating and supervising their departments. A trick to business growth in today’s ever changing global economy is controlled by innovation and creativity (Southwest Gas, 2007). An organization like Southwest Gas that has const ant contact with its customer base gets to know better their market and respond to its needs. Innovativeness results to potential re entry into the market with better products and services hence making organizations with flat structures remain relevant in the market. A flat structure offers employees with the opportunity to grow and succeed (Southwest Gas, 2007). Organizational design may refer to a formal way of binding together technology, human resource and information in an organization. The design process starts with strategy creation. Matrix involves the process of allocating duties to professionals from different departments to develop or oversee a single or more projects. Personnel from marketing and finance departments may be required to design marketing strategies and determine budgets when introducing a new product or service in the market (Ellis, 2003). A functional structure is based on the basic organizational functions like accounting, human resource, marketing and fi nance. An executive in a small company may hire managers for these areas, managers may employ coordinators. When the organization expands in the future, managers may assume the roles of directors. Customer design ensures that the organization positions its employees in a manner that they are able to understand its customers. Offering products and services to different customers may require that departments come up with structures and design that meet the diverse needs of different customers. There are many managerial levels in tall organizational structures. In a bureaucratic structure, there exist specific extents of standardization that is good for larger and complex organizations to adopt a tall structure. Max Webber characterized bureaucratic structures as being hierarchical, having well defined organizational roles and responsibilities, and recognition of performance (Ellis, 2003). Large organizations are mostly characterized by tall organizational structures. British Gas Compa ny a good example of a tall organizational structure. British Gas is a British-owned organization that deals with energy supplies and its deals stretch from the United Kingdom to North America. Activities at the British Gas are divided into business units by products, services, and functions focusing on customer needs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Structures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The active departments in the British Gas company are the finance and marketing departments, headed by departmental heads who assume the roles of team players. Team structure is applied in the British Gas company as every member of this organization works as a team member. The team leaders are also known as service managers. There is span of control at British Gas as each team has a manager or a leader. Employees who start their career as apprentice may later be service managers and/or operational managers a s they progress in their careers (British Gas, 2012). Qualcomm Incorporated is an American organization that deals with next-generation technologies and 3G networks. Qualcomm Incorporated is another tall structured organization that applies traditional organizational designs namely divisional and functional structures. However, contemporary design is evident when team structure is employed. This organization is divided into two units based on functional and product departmentalization. The administrative or the functional units comprises of Human resource, marketing, financial and global development departments. These departments are responsible for worldwide coordination of the organizations operations (May, 2005). At Qualcomm, there is work specialization where various tasks are given to different individuals depending on their specialization. Qualcomm’s departmentalization consists of functional and product departmentalization that includes the business and administrative units. The business Unit is further divided into subunits considering product departmentalization. The finance department is headed by a manager who oversees budget allocation. Product marketing is done by the marketing department headed by a sales manager. The head of the Human resource department is responsible for employees’ welfare and well being. Many employees have teamed up hence the unity of command is minimal. Qualcomm is quite decentralized because teams are their own decision makers (May, 2005). Organizational structure highlights hierarchical authority and the roles of different individuals in the organization. Organizational structures offer the platform on which the basic operating processes and events rest. The way an organization’s structure develops will depend on which organizational structure category it will fall.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizational design process starts with strategy creation. Offering products and services to different customers may require that departments come up with structures and design that meet the diverse needs of different customers. Large organizations are mostly characterized by tall organizational structures. A trick to business growth in today’s ever changing global economy that is controlled by innovation and creativity requires that centralization be discarded. References British Gas. (2012).British Gas. Retrieved from www.britishgas.co.uk Ellis, C. (2003). The flattening Corporation. MIT Sloan management Review, 4(4), 5. May, L. (2005). Organizational structure and designs. Retrieved from www.emaytrix.com/mgmt307/section 7.php Southwest Gas Corporation. (2007). Pro of the Southwest gas Retrieved from http/www.swgas.com/about/aboutus/index.php?val N†¦ This essay on Organizational Structures was written and submitted by user Samson Barton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

App Essay Models From Stanford

App Essay Models From StanfordThe most common app essay sample from Stanford is that of basic facts about a specific topic. The reason this essay is used so frequently is because it can be used in conjunction with a test. It can act as a model for any other type of study tool and can be used as a stepping stone for those who wish to do research on their own. There are some reasons why this essay is an effective tool and it is easier to use than it sounds.One of the first things one should know about this model is that it takes very little time to prepare, and that there is a very specific time frame you must adhere to. This model makes it simple to include all of the information that is needed to show your interest in the subject. It also provides the structure needed to follow for a more logical flow of information.Some of the most popular forms of app essays from Stanford are based on the basics of statistics. This model is the first one that come to mind, but the next most common is through advertising. This is used in many ways by students as a tool to demonstrate their interest in the business world.One of the best ways to learn the most about any topic is to get involved with an organization that works with a college career counselor. This model is effective because it is easy to use and can lead to better career advice. It is also used by the consulting industry for the same reason.An interesting and popular app essay sample from Stanford is the area of music. This model is often used as a way to show a student's interest in a musical instrument. This model is usually followed up with a discussion of the history of the instrument and how it came to be the way it is now.One of the best reasons to use an app essay is to support a conversation. There are many occasions when students want to discuss a certain topic with their professors. These types of essays show that you have taken interest in the topic and are willing to make the effort to learn more abou t it.This is the most well known and frequently used app essay from Stanford. It combines the two previous models and looks at the business world as a place of competition and success. It is also used as a way to encourage students to get involved with a particular company.It is important to note that there are many different types of app essays available from Stanford. Each one will show a different side of the subject. These models will help make it much easier to gain a deeper understanding of a certain topic.

Vicious Cycle The Flipside of Brazils Agricultural Expansionist Policies

Vicious Cycle The Flipside of Brazils Agricultural Expansionist Policies Introduction Being the fifth largest country in the world both in terms of geographical size and population, Brazil epitomizes the ongoing global tension pitying biodiversity preservation against agricultural sustainability and economic development.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Available statistics demonstrate that Brazil is a critical emerging economic power with a GDP of US$604.0 billion and a GDP per capita of US$3,326.21 in 2004, and that the country’s environment is one of the richest in the world not only because its fauna and flora is found nowhere else on earth, but also due to the fact that its ecosystems contain in excess of 15 percent of the plant and animal species known to science (European Commission, 2007). Holding up to 12 percent of the available freshwater worldwide , the country is undoubtedly one of leading producers of food and biofuels in Latin America and globally (Ferreira et al., 2012). But while Brazil continues to play an increasingly important role in the global challenge to supply food to a growing and more affluent human population through agricultural expansion activities, hence driving rapid economic development, available literature demonstrates that such events have also had significant adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystem services in the country (Ferreira et al., 2012). This paper borrows from Ascher and Healy’s (1990) concept of vicious cycle to demonstrate how Brazil may be sucked into the vicious cycle, entailing economic production, the environment, income distribution and resources, if policies are not put in place to address adverse impacts caused by agricultural expansion. Understanding the Vicious Cycle the Brazilian Problem In their influential reading, Ascher and Healy (1990) emplo y the vicious cycle metaphor, which essentially is a circular constellation of forces tending to act and react upon one another in such a manner as to keep a poor country in a state of poverty, to demonstrate the complex interrelationships among four critical facets of sociophysical production namely economic production, distribution of income, natural resources, and the environment. In the four key attributes, economic production is described as the level, source, and composition of the goods and services generated by the economy at any point in time, while income distribution is perceived as including functional distribution, size distribution among recipients of diverse income levels, distribution of in-kind income such as government services or gratification from environmental quality, as well as regional income distribution.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mor e Likewise, natural resources have been described as a broad assortment of substantial natural endowments such as land, water, timber and minerals, while environment refers to the natural systems that provide the background or surroundings for human activity (Ascher Healy, 1990). Unlike other less advanced and developing countries, Brazil is on the verge of achieving long-term economic development that is partially fuelled by effective exploitation of natural resources (Ferreira et al., 2012), which not only include â€Å"the dense tropical rainforests of the Amazon, but also the important biomes of the Savannah-like Cerrado, the arid scrublands of the Caatinga, the Atlantic Forest, the grasslands of the Pampa and the wetlands of the Pantanal† (European Commission, 2007 p. 11). Reports released by The Economist (2010) and Food Agriculture Organization (2012), cited in Ferreira et al. (2007), show that the phenomenal expansion of Brazilian agriculture has been at the core of its most recent economic expansion, corresponding to 28% of the country total exports. However, as demonstrated by these authors, â€Å"there are rising concerns about the threats that these changes represent to Brazil’s globally significant biological wealth, including widespread deforestation and clearance of native vegetation, and rapid increases in the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural chemical supplies† (p. 535-536). This observation, in my viewpoint, has the capacity to ignite a complex vicious cycle which will ultimately cut across two or more attributes of sociophysical production Exposing the Adverse Relationships Ascher Healy (1990) have taken considerable effort to demonstrate the interrelationships between the various facets, such as the vicious cycle between economic development and environment and vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution. In the Brazilian context, for example, it is evident that attem pts by government and other stakeholders to enhance the country’s economic development through agricultural expansion have continued to generate a multiplicity of environmental externalities, such as reduction of biological diversity, soil erosion in rural farming areas, watershed damage, depletion of natural resources, soil and habitat degradation due to continued use of harmful pesticides, rise of slum areas, as well as health-related conditions brought about by overcrowding and increasing lead emissions from automobiles (Carneiro Danton 2011; Ferreira et al., 2012).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vicious Cycle: The Flipside of Brazil’s Agricultural Expansionist Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the same vein, it emerges that the urge to achieve sustained economic development has catapulted policymakers into availing vast tracts of previously virgin land for cultivation aimed at increasing agricultural yield. Although a sizeable proportion of farmers are employing modern practices to increase acreage and agricultural output, many are still using poisonous pesticides and farming practices that contribute substantially to soil erosion and degradation. Consequently, it can be suggested that a vicious cycle between economic development and environmental degradation has already set in. But more importantly, environmental policymakers in Brazil should realize that another vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution will set in the near future as long as farmers in North-East regions of the country continue to use harmful farming practices to expand their agricultural production and benefit from international food markets. When agriculture will no longer be sustainable due to ongoing poor farming practices, these farmers will lose their economic backbone, and hence, the income inequalities will increase. Conversely, it can be argued that these farmers will not only lack the capacity to take care of their social and health needs but will also continue to haphazardly exploit available natural resources for economic gain, resulting in a vicious cycle that will have major adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystem services in the country. Way Forward The way forward for environmental policymakers in Brazil, therefore, is to put in place strong institutional policies for managing resources and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the agricultural sector. The government, in conjunction with relevant stakeholders, must act with immediacy to break the vicious cycle between economic development and environmental degradation by coming up with educational and awareness programs targeting farmers who use inferior farming methods to enhance their agricultural output.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, it is imperative for the government to develop clear management objectives and sufficient implementation capacity of the existing policies to ensure that the beneficial urge to achieve economic development through agricultural expansion does not shift into unwarranted destruction of the country’s strikingly rich biodiversity and ecosystem. These interventions, in my view, will arrest the vicious cycle before it gains momentum towards a hazardous level. References Ascher. W., Healy, R.G. (1990). Natural resource policymaking in developing countries: Environment, economic growth, and income distribution. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Carneiro, M.J., Danton, T. (2011). Agriculture and biodiversity in the Brazilian social sciences: A possible state-of-the-art scenario. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Sciences, 24(3), 225-246. European Commission. (2007). Country strategy paper 2007-2013. Web. Ferreira, J., Pardini, R., Metzger, J.P., Fo nseca, C.R., Pompeu, P.S., Sparovek, G., Louzada, J. (2012). Towards environmentally sustainable agriculture in Brazil: Challenges and opportunities for applied ecological research. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49(3), 535-541.

Write a one page business memo follow the gathering data assignment Essay

Write a one page business memo follow the gathering data assignment introduction - Essay Example I also chose to count trucks and cars in the afternoon on the same day because this would help in maintaining consistency in the data. This would also help in comparing the morning flow of traffic with that of afternoon on the same days. I chose to collect data between 11.10 and 11.15 in the morning and between 14.50 and 14.55 in the afternoon. I chose these times randomly to ensure that my data was unbiased within one day. I did this by writing the morning and evening times on papers; I then mixed the pieces and picked them indiscriminately. The benefit of analyzing data from different times separately is that it enables the marketing firm to determine the best period to conduct marketing campaigns in a day. However, this approach has a limitation of consuming more time than when the data is analyzed by combining the different time periods. This means that combining data saves time, but it fails in that it does not inform the marketer about the variation of traffic at different times in a

Is the death penalty effective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Is the death penalty effective - Essay Example The society is one which requires deeply and desperately at all times, a capital punishment. If not for the punishment, there would have been a much higher level of murders across the world. Without the capital punishment, the population would tend to use, ‘mob mentality’ in situations where the emotions get out of hand. There are a number of cases, both simple as well as more intense where people have lost their lives and it is important to note that without the prevalence of a death penalty, there would not be any deterrent to murder. If a person was simply to be locked in jail with complete access to food, clothes, and shelter without having to earn it, then people would take this option and would never worry about murdering anyone (Davis, 1998). In simple terms, our society is filed with a number of criminals and is not civilized enough to manage without a clear set down deterrent for the crime. Hence, it is necessary for the death penalty to be applied to ensure a s afer society. A number of experts have also pointed their views to the ineffectiveness of the death penalties and have also brought out the fact that in spite of the death penalties that are being used within the countries, there are still a number of people who tend to do the crime. The process of giving the death penalty is a long one with the criminals living comfortably in prison and this to a great extent tends to reduce the effectiveness of a death penalty. As a deterrent, it is important that the criminals are not given a chance and are executed right away to make the punishment a successful one (Dieter, 1998). However this clearly is not possible considering the number of laws and regulations that need to be considered before giving a person a death sentence, thereby making this method ineffective and inefficient. I personally believe that the death penalties are a very effective method of conducting the society and criminals that have committed murder. This is mainly because, the

Is the American presidency too powerful Why or why not Essay

Is the American presidency too powerful Why or why not - Essay Example A president has the constitutional power to either assent or dissent a bill that has been approved by the Congress. The president acts as the last ‘process’ through which a bill passes before being adopted as a law. All the citizens in America are governed by the same standard laws and, apparently, they are under the spell of the presidency. Despite the Congress having similar powers of revoking a presidency’s initiative, it is the Congress that is constitutionally required to make laws. Intrinsically, the presidency has trivial contravention in the making of laws (Lowi 2012, p.177). Moreover, the presidency is better positioned if its party dominates both houses. The presidency’s influence in the appointment of the bureaucratic positions is a vital element. In order to mitigate the conflicts of opinion in between the presidency and the Agencies, the presidency can appoint his top supporters into the bureaucratic appointments. In essence, the presidency will be commanding power through the automatic support that is anticipated from his supporters in the bureaucracy (Lowi 2012, p.195). The support grants his excessive powers. Even with least congressional and public support, the presidency’s powers are still a notch higher. The presidency has the option of expanding the roles of the direct presidential governance and executive orders. Similarly, the presidency has the capacity to increase the control of the White House over the federal the bureaucracy (Lowi 2012, p. 195). This tactic of power works in the presidency’s advantage by enabling it influence the decisions of the bureaucracy, indirectly Executive agreements are excessive powers granted to the presidency. In the normal diplomatic powers of the presidency, more than two-thirds of the senate is required to have vote for a treaty before it becomes legally practicable. However, in executive agreements, there is neither regulation nor restrictions encountered by the presidency